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Onychomycosis: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Treatment Options
Introduction
Onychomycosis is a common fungal infection that affects the nails, most frequently the toenails. It occurs when dermatophytes, yeasts, or non-dermatophyte molds invade the nail plate and nail bed, leading to discoloration, thickening, and structural damage. Although not usually life-threatening, onychomycosis can significantly impact comfort, appearance, and quality of life if left untreated.
Causes of Onychomycosis
Onychomycosis is primarily caused by fungal organisms, especially dermatophytes such as Trichophyton rubrum. These fungi thrive in warm, moist environments, making public showers, swimming pools, and locker rooms common sources of infection.